Research: Four Gemini AI agents beat Minecraft without human help

Four Google Gemini 4 Argon AI agents defeated Minecraft’s final Ender Dragon boss without human intervention, Google researchers said in a new paper.

The run took 27.23 hours, with most of the time spent fighting the Ender Dragon. The agents wrote and executed 2,783 programs, exchanged 229 messages and died 605 times, the team said.

The team placed the agents in a sandboxed, randomized Minecraft survival world with no assigned roles, strategies or game-specific tools. Each controlled a player through the open-source Mineflayer library and coordinated through in-game chat and shared memory.

The agents independently divided tasks, warned teammates about threats, shared tips and coordinates, and recovered items from teammates who had died.

“janesick” made tools, “gyldenia” gathered food and supplies, “auratian” lit a key portal, and “bulicame” built Enderman shelters and delivered the final blow.

A fifth agent, “the Observer,” independently monitored the session to check for cheating and publish live and summary reports.

The agents consumed 1.35 billion input tokens. The run cost $810 at Gemini’s list price, or $1,620 at the standard price.

“To our knowledge, this is the first end-to-end autonomous completion of Minecraft by AI agents, achieved using only the standard Mineflayer library without pre-scouted seeds or other game-specific tools written by humans,” the team wrote.

“Winning required the agents to keep a coherent plan across thousands of dependent steps for more than a day.”

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